Comparative Democratization
Section 35 of the American Political Science Association

Newsletter
Volume 4, Number 2, May 2006

Table of Contents

1. Current Section Officers
2. Report from the Chair
3. Editor's Note
4. News From Members
5. Professional Announcements
6. Recent Conferences
7. Future Conferences
8. New Research

1. CURRENT SECTION OFFICERS

Chair (2006-2008)
Jonathan Hartlyn
Professor of Political Science
University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
e-mail: hartlyn@unc.edu

Vice-chair (2004-2006)
Gretchen C. Casper
Associate Professor of Political Science
Pennsylvania State University
e-mail: gcasper@psu.edu

Secretary (2004-2006)
Carrie Manning
Associate Professor of Political Science
Georgia State University
e-mail: polclm@panther.gsu.edu

Treasurer (2006-2008)
Michael Coppedge
Associate Professor of Political Science
University of Notre Dame
e-mail: Coppedge.1@nd.edu

Newsletter Editor (ex officio)
Thomas W. Skladony
Senior Program Officer
International Forum for Democratic Studies
National Endowment for Democracy
e-mail: tom@ned.org



2. REPORT FROM THE CHAIR

I look forward to seeing many of you at the APSA Convention in Philadelphia. Our Program Chair, Mark Jones, has organized an extensive and rich array of panels. Don’t forget that your attendance at these panels not only is crucial to sustaining the lively intellectual exchanges which make our section so vital, but also helps determine our allocation for subsequent conventions. Do save early Saturday evening for our business meeting and reception, where we will celebrate the winners of our book, article, best paper and field work awards, as well as the winner of our Juan Linz dissertation award. Furthermore, look also for the special roundtable we have organized on the impact of Juan Linz’s work on comparative democratization. We are working with Juan to facilitate his attendance at both the roundtable and the business meeting.

Over the summer, watch your e-mail for our electronic ballot for the Section positions of vice-chair and secretary. Our Nominations Committee, chaired by Michael Coppedge, is currently identifying candidates. Candidate profiles will be available on the electronic ballot.

I am pleased to let you know that Valerie Bunce of Cornell University has agreed to serve as Program Chair for the 2007 meetings. This pivotal job could not be in better hands.

Our section is open to your views and recommendations. Please don’t hesitate to contact me, especially regarding any items that you might want on the agenda for our business meeting in Philadelphia.


Jonathan Hartlyn

3. EDITOR'S NOTE

As the academic year comes to a close, I encourage members to submit additional course syllabi for posting on our section’s Web site (www.ned.org/apsa-cd/home.html), either from courses you are teaching now or from those you plan to teach in the fall. If you can, please do this before you leave campus for summer travel or research.

I think anyone who reviews the News from Members section below will agree it has been an active and productive year for section members, resulting in a large number of important publications and conference presentations. As always, we invite all section members not only to communicate their latest accomplishments but to share announcements or to pose queries to their colleagues through this newsletter and ad hoc messages.

Later in the summer we will send you the listing of panel sessions organized by the Comparative Democratization section for the APSA annual meeting in Philadelphia. As always, members are strongly encouraged to attend as many section panels as they can, not least because our section’s allocation of panel slots for 2007 will be determined by attendance at our panels in 2006.

Sam Abrams and Fiona McCarthy have now concluded their spring semester internships at the International Forum, and it is again my pleasure to thank them for their invaluable assistance with many things, but especially for their careful work checking facts, compile the book and article listings, and proofreading this issue of the newsletter.

Tom Skladony


4. NEWS FROM MEMBERS

Rod Alence, associate professor of international relations, University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa, was recently named acting codirector of that university’s Centre for Africa’s International Relations.

Maxwell A. Cameron, professor of political science, University of British Columbia, is currently a visiting professor at the Centro de Investigacion at the Universidad del Pacifico in Lima, Peru. Mr. Cameron writes a blog for the “Comment is Free” Web site of The Guardian (http://commentisfree.guardian.co.uk/index.html) and also administers an educational Weblog on the 2006 Peruvian election (http://weblogs.elearning.ubc.ca/peru/). He serves as a political advisor to Lloyd Axworthy, chief of the electoral observation mission to Peru for the Organization of American States. During the fall of 2005 Mr. Cameron was the Canadian Bicentennial Visiting Professor at Yale University’s Center for International and Area Studies.

Julio F. Carrión, associate professor of political science and international relations, University of Delaware, was awarded tenure at that university on September 1, 2005. He edited The Fujimori Legacy: The Rise of Electoral Authoritarianism in Peru (Penn State University Press, 2006), in which contributors assessed the Fujimori regime in the context of Latin America’s struggle to consolidate democracy after years of authoritarian rule. Mr. Carrión also contributed two chapters to the volume: “Public Opinion, Market Reforms, and Democracy in Fujimori’s Peru,” and “The Rise and Fall of Electoral Authoritarianism in Peru.”

Other contributors to the book included CompDem section members Kurt Weyland, professor of government, University of Texas, Austin; Kenneth M. Roberts, professor of government, Cornell University; Gregory D. Schmidt, assistant chair and professor of political science, Northern Illinois University; Cynthia McClintock, professor of political science and international affairs, George Washington University; and Maxwell A. Cameron, professor of political science, University of British Columbia.

William F. Case, associate professor of Asian studies, Griffith University (Australia) will assume a new position in July 2006 as professor of Asian and international studies at City University in Hong Kong, where he will also direct the Southeast Asia Research Center.

Michael Coppedge, associate professor of political science, University of Notre Dame; and Daniel Brinks published “Diffusion Is No Illusion: Neighbor Emulation in the Third Wave of Democracy” in the May 2006 Comparative Political Studies. After reviewing global political events from 1972 to 1996, the authors posit that countries change their regimes to match the average degree of democracy or nondemocracy found among their contiguous neighbors.

Mr. Coppedge participated in an April 7–8 conference at Yale University entitled “In the Name of Democracy: U.S. Electoral Intervention in the Americas” and in a March 27 conference on “Revising the Index of Electoral Democracy” that was sponsored by the United Nations Development Program in the Dominican Republic. He spoke on “Democratization: The Impact on Latin America” at a February 23 meeting, part of Texas A&M University’s Wiley Lecture Series, and also participated in a Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars conference on “The Domestic and Foreign Policy of Hugo Chávez” on January 26.

John P. Entelis, professor of political science and director of the Middle East Studies Program, Fordham University, contributed a chapter entitled “Déni de démocratie: L’Etat et la société civile en Algérie. Calculs rationnels et configurations culturelles” (“Democracy Denied: The State and Civil Society in Algeria. Rational Calculations and Cultural Configurations”) to Dispositifs de Democratisation et Dispositifs Autoritaires en Afrique du Nord (Systems of Democratization and Authoritarian Systems in North Africa), a volume edited by Jean-Nel Ferrié and Jean-Claude Santuccie that was published by CNRS Editions in 2006.

Tulia Falleti, assistant professor of political science, University of Pennsylvania, and Maxwell A. Cameron, professor of political science, University of British Columbia, published “Federalism and the Subnational Separation of Powers” in the spring 2005 Publius, in which the authors review a number of Latin American federations and examine institutional mechanisms affecting the separation of powers in democratic regimes.

Bonnie N. Field, assistant professor of international studies, Bentley College, published “Transition Modes and Post-Transition Inter-Party Politics: Evidence from Spain (1977–1982) and Argentina (1983–1989)” in the April 2006 Democratization. Using those two countries as case studies, the author tested whether the mode of transition from authoritarian rule affects the competitiveness of interparty politics in a posttransition democratic regime.

James L. Gibson, Sydney W. Souers Professor of Government, Washington University in St. Louis, received the 2005 Lucius Barker Award “for the best paper investigating race or ethnicity and politics honoring the spirit and work of Professor Barker” for his paper, “Overcoming Land Injustices: An Experimental Investigation into the Justice and Injustice of Land Squatting in South Africa,” which was presented at the 2005 annual meeting of the Midwest Political Science Association. Another paper by Mr. Gibson, “Land Inequality and Squatting in South Africa: Judging Historical Injustices,” received an honorable mention in the Sage Paper Award for the Best Paper in the Field of Comparative Politics at the 2005 annual meeting of the American Political Science Association.

Mr. Gibson received an Outstanding Faculty Mentor Award from the Graduate Student Senate and the Dean of the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences at Washington University in St. Louis in 2006. Two of his books recently appeared in paperback editions: Overcoming Apartheid: Can Trust Reconcile a Divided Nation? (Russell Sage, 2006) and Overcoming Intolerance in South Africa: Experiments in Democratic Persuasion (Cambridge University Press, 2005).

Jonathan Hartlyn, professor of political science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, was on leave for the spring 2006 semester after completing in December a five-year term as department chair. With Rosario Espinal and Jana Kelly, he published “Performance Still Matters: Explaining Trust in Government in the Dominican Republic” in the March 2006 Comparative Political Studies. Their analysis finds that trust in government institutions is shaped primarily by perceptions of government performance and that there is no relationship between democratic values and institutional trust. They also find a curvilinear effect between socioeconomic status and institutional trust, with middle-sector groups significantly less trusting of government institutions. They conclude that low trust per se is not the major challenge for governance.

Vicki Hesli, professor of political science, University of Iowa, published Government and Politics in Russia and the Post-Soviet Region (Houghton Mifflin, 2007), a textbook that investigates and evaluates the developing political processes in Russia, Ukraine, Georgia, Lithuania, and Uzbekistan within a broad, comparative context. (Despite the 2007 publication date, this book is now available for purchase and course adoption.)

Marc Morjé Howard, assistant professor of government, Georgetown University, and member of the core faculty, Center for Democracy and the Third Sector; and Philip G. Roessler published “Liberalizing Electoral Outcomes in Competitive Authoritarian Regimes” in the April 2006 American Journal of Political Science. Using cross-national statistical analysis and a case study of Kenya, the authors seek to explain how national elections in competitive authoritarian states result in “liberalizing electoral outcomes,” in which the new government is considerably less authoritarian than its predecessor, despite fraud and intimidation perpetrated by incumbent regimes during the election process.

Russell E. Lucas, assistant professor of political science and international and area studies, University of Oklahoma, will assume a new position as assistant professor of political science at Florida International University in Fall 2006.

Heather Marquette, lecturer in governance, University of Birmingham, presented a paper on “Civic Education and Corruption: Opportunities and Challenges for Policy Makers” at an April 25–30, 2006, workshop on “The International Anticorruption Movement” that was organized by the European Consortium for Political Research in Nicosia, Cyprus.

Cynthia McClintock, professor of political science and international affairs, George Washington University, has been awarded a fellowship at the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars for the 2006–2007 academic year, where she will conduct research on “The Majority Runoff Presidential Rule in Latin America.”

Jennifer McCoy, director of Americas program, Carter Center, was recently promoted from associate to full professor of political science at Georgia State University. Earlier this year Johns Hopkins University Press published an updated paperback edition of The Unraveling of Representative Democracy in Venezuela, a volume of essays edited by Ms. McCoy and David Myers, associate professor of political science, Pennsylvania State University.

Kelly M. McMann, assistant professor of political science, Case Western Reserve University, published Economic Autonomy and Democracy: Hybrid Regimes in Russia and Kyrgyzstan (Cambridge University Press, 2006), in which she argues that citizens in new democracies calculate possible risks to their personal livelihoods before engaging in political activism, and that governmental control of the economy thus has negative implications for the advance of democracy.

Pippa Norris, McGuire Lecturer in Comparative Politics at the John F. Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University, has taken a two-year leave from the university to become director of the newly launched democratic governance group at the United Nations Development Program in New York. The group will work on strengthening parliaments, protecting justice and human rights, supporting gender mainstreaming in governance, and other tasks. Ms. Norris invites colleagues to remain in contact and to take note of her new e-mail address, Pippa.Norris@undp.org.

Vincent K. Pollard, lecturer of Asian studies, science, University of Hawaii at Manoa, contributed an entry entitled “Leviathan” to the Encyclopedia of World Poverty (Sage Reference, 2006), a three-volume reference work edited by Mehmet Odekon.

Benjamin Reilly, associate professor of economics and government, Australian National University, became director of that university’s Centre for Democratic Institutions in March 2006. The Centre conducts research and runs training and exchange programs for parliamentarians and political party leaders from new democracies in the Asia-Pacific region.

Dietrich Rueschemeyer, professor emeritus of sociology and Charles C. Tillinghast, Jr. Professor of International Studies, Brown University; and Matthew Lange edited States and Development: Historical Antecedents of Stagnation and Advance (Palgrave MacMillan, 2005). The volume explores the ways in which states affect social and economic development, and the impact of colonial systems on later economic growth. Mr. Rueschemeyer also contributed a chapter entitled “Building States: Inherently a Long-Term Process? An Argument from Theory” to the book.

Mr. Rueschmeyer and Miguel Glatzer edited Globalization and the Future of the Welfare State (University of Pittsburgh Press, 2005), an anthology of essays on the effect of a global political economy on the welfare states of countries in southern and eastern Europe, Latin America, Russia, and East Asia.

Sanjay Ruparelia became an assistant professor of political science at the New School for Social Research in January 2006. His most recent publication is “Rethinking Institutional Theories of Political Moderation: The Case of Hindu Nationalism in India, 1996-2004,” which appeared in the April 2006 Comparative Politics. The article examines how India’s democratic regime tried to moderate the politics of the Hindu nationalist Bharatiya Janata Party from 1996 to 2002, as well as the party’s efforts to circumvent the institutional constraints imposed on it.

Andreas Schedler, professor and chair of political science, Centro de Investigacion y Docencia Economicas (CIDE), Mexico, edited Electoral Authoritarianism: The Dynamics of Unfree Competition (Lynne Rienner, 2006), a collection of essays on the interaction between rulers and opposition parties during elections in states that have achieved some but not all of the institutions and practices of consolidated democracies. The book resulted from an April 2004 conference in Mexico City cosponsored by CIDE and the International Forum for Democratic Studies.

Section members who contributed chapters to the volume include William F. Case, associate professor of Asian studies, Griffith University; M. Steven Fish, associate professor of political science, University of California at Berkeley; Jonathan Hartlyn, professor of political science, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill; Staffan Lindberg, assistant professor of political science, Kent State University; Jennifer McCoy, associate professor of political science, Georgia State University; Gerardo Luis Munck, associate professor of international relations, University of Southern California; Richard Snyder, associate professor of political science, Brown University; Nicolas Van de Walle, John S. Knight Professor of International Studies, Cornell University; as well as Mr. Schedler.

Edward Schneier, professor emeritus of political science, City University of New York, published Crafting Constitutional Democracies: The Politics of Institutional Design (Rowman and Littlefield, 2006), in which the author applies lessons learned from the writing and ratification of the U.S. Constitution to problems faced by constitution writers in emerging democracies today.

Mr. Schneier also contributed a case study of Indonesia to a project on constitution building sponsored by the International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance (IDEA). Twelve country case studies, a comparative essay, and additional materials from the project are available at www.idea.int/conflict.cbp.

Susan Stokes, John S. Saden Professor of Political Science and director of the Program on Democracy, Yale University; and Matthew R. Cleary, assistant professor of political science, Syracuse University, published Democracy and the Culture of Skepticism: Personalism and Institutionalism in Argentina and Mexico (Russell Sage, 2006). The authors challenge the common argument that democracy requires citizens who trust each other and have confidence in elected officials. Drawing on research in Argentina and Mexico, they find instead that democracy works best when citizens are skeptical of government, and when politicians expect to be monitored by investigative media and subject to an independent judiciary.

Anthony Spanakos, assistant professor of political science, Touro College, will become an assistant professor of political science at Montclair State University in September 2006.


5. PROFESSIONAL ANNOUNCEMENTS
Call for Applications: Reagan-Fascell Democracy Fellowships
The Reagan-Fascell Democracy Fellows Program at the Washington, D.C.-based National Endowment for Democracy invites applications from candidates throughout the world for fellowships in 2007–2008. Established in 2001, the program enables democracy activists, practitioners, scholars, and journalists from around the world to deepen their understanding of democracy and to enhance their ability to promote democratic change. The program is intended primarily to support activists, practitioners, and scholars from new and aspiring democracies; distinguished scholars from the United States and other established democracies are also eligible to apply. Projects may focus on the political, social, economic, legal, and cultural aspects of democratic development and may include a range of methodologies and approaches. A working knowledge of English is an important prerequisite for participation in the program. The application deadline for fellowships in 2006-2007 is Wednesday, November 1, 2006.

Call for Applications: Fellowships at the East Asia Institute
The East Asia Institute (fellowships@eai.or.kr) invites applications for its 2006 Fellows Program on Peace, Governance, and Development in East Asia. The program enables up five U.S.-based East Asianists in political science, international relations, and sociology to spend three weeks at two or more institutions of higher learning in Asia. These include the East Asia Institute in Seoul, Fudan University in Shanghai, Keio University in Tokyo, Peking University in Beijing, and Taiwan National University in Taipei. Fellows design their own programs but are expected to conduct seminars and to lecture within the broadly defined themes of peace, governance, and development at at least two of these institutions. Each Fellow receives a stipend of U.S. $14,900 to cover travel and accommodations expenses for the three-week fellowship in East Asia. For more information visit www.eai.or.kr/english/fandj/FP01_temp.asp or write to fellowships@eai.or.kr. The deadline for applications is May 31, 2006.

Call for Submissions
The International Studies Association-Midwest invites proposals for panels and papers on all aspects of international studies for its 2006 annual meeting in St. Louis, Missouri, November 3–5, 2006. Panel proposals should be submitted by email to isamidwest@truman.edu and should include the title of the panel or roundtable, titles and 250 word abstracts for each paper, and full contact information for all the participants. Paper proposals should be submitted to the same address and should include full contact information of the author, the title of the paper, and a brief, 250 word abstract. For more information about the conference, please visit www.missouri/edu/~isa-m/AnnualMeeting/index.htm or write Conference Chair and CompDem section member John Ishiyama (jishiyam@truman.edu).

Call for Submissions
The editor of Polity, the journal of the Northeastern Political Science Association, invites submissions on topics that engage questions of interest to scholars across an entire field within political science, to the discipline as a whole, and to related disciplines. Contact Andrew J. Polsky (polity@gc.cuny.edu) for more information.

Call for Submissions
Kay Lawson and James Meadowcroft, editors of the International Political Science Review (IPSR), encourage members of the Comparative Democratization section to consider submitting articles of interest to an international readership to that journal. The Review seeks to publish material that makes a significant contribution to international political science and that meets the needs of scholars throughout the world who study political phenomena in the contemporary context of increasing international interdependence and global change.

The IPSR reflects the aims and intellectual tradition of its parent body, the International Political Science Association: to foster the creation and dissemination of rigorous political inquiry free of subdisciplinary or other orthodoxy. It welcomes work by scholars who focus on currently controversial themes, employ innovative methods of political analysis, and strive to reach outside the scope of a single culture. Visit http://ipsr.sagepub.com for more information and submission guidelines, or write to the editors directly at klawson@sfsu.edu and jmeadowc@connect.carleton.ca.

Call for Submissions Studies in Comparative International Development (SCID), a leading journal of development studies, which recently moved its editorial home from the University of California at Berkeley to the Watson Institute for International Studies at Brown University, invites submissions and inquiries from members of the Comparative Democratization section. SCID publishes original research on political, social, economic, and environmental change at the local, national, and international levels, as well as occasional reviews that summarize and thematically linked bodies of literature, and methodological essays that advance social science research. Visit http://watsoninstitute.org/ped/scid/ for more information about the journal, including guidelines for article submissions.

Online Archive of Data on Religion The Association of Religion Data Archives (ARDA), a project based at the Social Science Research Institute of Pennsylvania State University, invites section members with an interest in religion to visit and use its online repository of high-quality quantitative data. The ARDA (available at www.thearda.com/) allows scholars to explore American and international data using online features for generating national profiles, maps, church membership overviews, denominational heritage trees, tables, charts, and other summary reports. More than 400 data files are available for online preview, and virtually all may be downloaded free of charge. For more information, write to arda@pop.psu.edu.


6. RECENT CONFERENCES

The Western Political Science Association held its annual meeting on March 16–18, 2006, in Albuquerque, New Mexico, where the theme was “Democracy and Diversity.” A preliminary program is available at www.csus.edu/org/wpsa/mtgs.stm.

The International Studies Association held its forty-seventh annual conference on March 22–25, 2006, in San Diego, California, where the topic was “The North-South Divide and International Studies.” Panel sessions included “The 2006 Mexican Elections,” “Iraq: The Uneven Road to Democracy,” and “Peaceful Regime Change: The European Union’s Democratization Strategy in Eastern Europe and Beyond.” A final program, participant list, and paper archive is available at www.isanet.org/sandiego/.

The Political Studies Association of the United Kingdom held its fifty-sixth annual conference at the University of Reading on April 3–6, 2006. The focus of this year’s meeting was “Liberty, Security, and the Challenge of Government.” A final program, list of panels, and paper archive is available at www.psa.ac.uk/2006/.

The Association for Asian Studies held its annual meeting on April 6–9, 2006, in San Francisco, California. A full list of panels and concise summaries of papers presented at the conference is available at www.aasianst.org/absts/2006abst/wrld-toc.htm.

The Southwestern Political Science Association held its eighty-sixth annual conference on April 11–15, 2006, in San Antonio, Texas. Panel topics included “Dynamics of Democratic Consolidation in Comparative Perspective,” “Who Cares? Democracy, Care Ethics, and Public Policy,” and “Governance and the Challenge of Democracy.” A final program is available at www.swpsa.org/.


7. FUTURE CONFERENCES



The Canadian Political Science Association will hold its annual meeting on June 1–3, 2006, in Toronto. The theme of this year’s meeting is “Ethical Governance.” More information is available at www.cpsa-acsp.ca/template_e.cfm?folder=conference.

On June 16–17, epsNet will hold its plenary conference at the Central European University in Budapest. The theme of this year’s meeting is “European in Context: Debating the Project.” Scheduled panel topics include the international role of Europe, political parties and the European Union, and democracy and citizenship in Europe. Visit www.epsnet.org/2006/programme.htm for a preliminary program and registration details.

The Warsaw East European Conference will hold its third annual session on July 5–8 at the University of Warsaw in Poland. The theme of this year’s session is “Post-Communist World: 25 Years of Changes.” For more information write to Jan Malicki at conf.studium@uw.edu.pl.

The International Political Science Association will hold its twentieth World Congress in Fukuoka, Japan, on July 9–13, 2006. The theme of this year’s meeting is “Is Democracy Working?” The agenda includes panel sessions on the crisis and capacity of democracy; democracy and the new world order; institutional legitimacy, interest representation, and democratic practice; citizen participation; values and identity; public policies, bureaucracies, and the quality of democracy; and theory, knowledge, and crafting better democracies. Visit www.apsanet.org/section_222.cfm for a preliminary program.

The American Political Science Association will hold its 102nd annual meeting on August 31–September 3, in Philadelphia, where participants will discuss the theme, “Power Reconsidered.” A preliminary program and registration details are available at www.apsanet.org/section_222.cfm.

The Latin American Political Science Association will hold its third annual conference on September 4–6 at the University of Campinas in São Paulo, Brazil, where the special theme will be “Democracy and Inequalities” in Latin America over the past two decades. For more information about this meeting visit www.ifch.unicamp.br/alacip.

The African Studies Association will hold its forty-ninth annual meeting on November 16–19, 2006, in San Francisco. Section member (and founding chair) John W. Harbeson of City University of New York is cochair of this year’s program, whose theme is “(Re)Thinking Africa and the World: Internal Reflections, External Responses.” Visit www.africanstudies.org/asa_annualmeeting2006.html for a preliminary program.


8. NEW RESEARCH

Democratization

The April 2006 (Volume 13, no. 2) issue of Democratization features country studies of Portugal, Spain, Argentina, Indonesia, Israel, Bangladesh, South Africa, and the Netherlands.

“Authoritarian Legacies, Transitional Justice and State Crisis in Portugal’s Democratization” by António Costa Pinto

“Transition Modes and Post-Transition Inter-Party Politics: Evidence from Spain (1977–82) and Argentina (1983–89)” by Bonnie N. Field

“Assessing Democracy from Below: A Framework and Indonesian Pilot Study” by Olle Törnquist

“A Critique of Quantitative Measures of the Degree of Democracy in Israel” by Dean McHenry, Jr. and Abdel-Fattah Mady

“Civilian Supremacy in Democracies with ‘Fault Lines’: The Role of the Parliamentary Standing Committee on Defence in Bangladesh” by Syed Imtiaz Ahmed

“The African National Congress and its Critics: ‘Predatory Liberalism,’ Black Empowerment and Intra-Alliance Tensions in Post-Apartheid South Africa” by Stefan Andreasson

“Citizen Participation and Democracy in the Netherlands” by Ank M.B. Michels


Journal of Democracy
The April 2006 (Volume 17, no. 2) issue of the Journal of Democracy features clusters of articles on new threats to freedom and electoral systems, as well as case studies of Côte d’Ivoire, Kyrgyzstan, and Azerbaijan. The full texts of selected articles and the tables of contents of all issues are available on the Journal’s Web site.

“Identity, Immigration, and Liberal Democracy” by Francis Fukuyama
Contemporary liberal democracies, especially in Western Europe, face a major challenge in integrating Muslim immigrants as citizens of pluralistic societies.

“The ‘Mystery’ of the Soviet Collapse” by Leon Aron
There was nothing inevitable about the unraveling of Soviet communism. The role played by individuals such as Aleksandr Yakovlev was crucial.

New Threats to Freedom
I. “The Assault on Democracy Assistance” by Carl Gershman and Michael Allen
Authoritarians are stepping up their offensive against democracy promotion, and democracy-assistance organizations will have to meet the challenge.

II. “Democracy’s ‘Doubles’” by Ivan Krastev
From Putin’s Russia to Chávez’s Venezuela, regimes that claim to be democracies but act like autocracies are emerging as a major long-term threat to freedom.

“The Debacle in Côte d’Ivoire” by Daniel Chirot
Despite hopes that 2005 would see an end to hostilities between rebels and government forces, neither disarmament nor elections took place. How did this once-prosperous country end up on the verge of anarchy and disaster?

Electoral Systems Today
I. “A Global Snapshot” by Richard W. Soudriette and Andrew Ellis
A wide variety of electoral systems is used around the world, but in recent years the trend has been toward systems based upon greater proportionality.

II. “Iraq’s Year of Voting Dangerously” by Adeed Dawisha and Larry Diamond
Iraq’s three elections in 2005 highlighted the role—but also the limits—of electoral-system design in managing potentially polarizing divisions.

III. “The Curious Case of Afghanistan” by Andrew Reynolds
Afghanistan’s electoral system is both unusual and unsuited to the country’s political circumstances. How was it chosen and what are its effects on the country’s politics?

IV. “The Politics of Reform in Japan and Taiwan” by Jih-wen Lin
For decades, Japan and Taiwan elected their legislatures using the single nontransferable vote. Recently, however, both countries adopted new electoral systems. What explains this trend?

“What Really Happened in Kyrgyzstan?” by Scott Radnitz
The March 2005 “Tulip Revolution” that toppled President Askar Akeyev is often grouped with the “color revolutions” in Georgia and Ukraine, but in many ways the Kyrgyz case was unique.

“Azerbaijan’s Frustrating Elections” by Leila Alieva
The 2005 elections were marked by massive fraud, but the democratic world mostly looked the other way. Azerbaijani society remains receptive to democracy, but the regime clearly has other plans—and will soon have massive oil wealth to fund them.

Exchange
I. “Getting Costa Rica Right” by Miguel Angel Rodríguez
The country’s recent political travails are due not to collusion between the two major parties but to the increasing difficulty of reaching interparty agreements.

II. “Different Times, Different Demands” by Fabrice Lehoucq
In recent decades, Costa Rican society has evolved and become less deferential. Political arrangements that worked well in the past no longer meet the country’s needs.


SELECTED JOURNAL ARTICLES ON DEMOCRACY
This section features selected articles on democracy that appeared in journals received by the NED's Democracy Resource Center.

African Affairs, Vol. 105, no. 418, January 2006
“On the Limits of Liberal Peace: Chiefs and Democratic Decentralization in Sierra Leone” by Richard Fanthorpe

“Power to Uhuru: Youth Identity and Generational Politics in Kenya’s 2002 Elections” by Peter Mwangi Kagwanja

“Islam in Mali in the Neoliberal Era” by Benjamin F. Soares

Asian Survey, Vol. 45, no. 6, December 2005
“The Politics behind Malaysia’s Eleventh General Election” by Joseph Liow

Communist and Post-Communist Studies, Vol. 39, no. 1, March 2006
“‘Three Disconnects’ and China’s Rural Election: A Case Study of Hailian Village” by Zhaohui Hong

Comparative Political Studies, Vol. 39, no. 2, March 2006
“Party Competition and European Integration in the East and West: Different Structure, Same Causality” by Gary Marks, Liesbet Hooghe, Moira Nelson, and Erica Edwards

“Performance Still Matters: Explaining Trust in Government in the Dominican Republic” by Rosario Espinal, Jonathan Hartlyn, and Jana Morgan Kelly

Comparative Political Studies, Vol. 39, no. 3, April 2006
“Democracy, Community, Trust: The Impact of Elections in Rural China” by Melanie Manion

“Duration of Party Control in Parliamentary and Presidential Governments: A Study of 65 Democracies, 1950 to 1998” by Ko Maeda and Misa Nishikawa

“Presidential Powers and Consolidation of New Postcommunist Democracies” by Mikhail V. Beliaev

Building Democracy in Contemporary Russia: Western Support for Grassroots Organizations by Sarah Henderson. Reviewed by Wade Jacoby

Comparative Political Studies, Vol. 39, no. 4, May 2006
“The Presidential Calculus: Executive Policy Making and Cabinet Formation in the Americas” by Octavio Amorim Neto

“Diffusion Is No Illusion: Neighbor Emulation in the Third Wave of Democracy” by Daniel Brinks and Michael Coppedge

Decentralizing the State: Elections, Parties, and Local Power in the Andes by Kathleen O’Neill. Reviewed by Thomas Mustillo

Losers’ Consent: Elections and Democratic Legitimacy by Christopher Anderson, Andre Blais, Shaun Bowler, Todd Donovan, and Ola Listhaug. Reviewed by Donley T. Studlar

Comparative Politics, Vol. 38, no. 2, January 2006
“Populism, Political Conflict, and Grass-Roots Organization in Latin America” by Kenneth M. Roberts

“Engendering Democratic Transition from Conflict: Women’s Inclusion in Northern Ireland’s Peace Process” by Linda Racioppi and Katherine O’Sullivan See

“Strong Partisans, Weak Parties? Party Organizations and the Development of Mass Partisanship in Russia” by Regina Smyth

Current History, Vol. 105, no. 688, February 2006
“Chávez’s Venezuela” by Phil Gunson

“Mexico’s (Temporary) Turn to the Left” by Allyson Lucinda Benton

“Hopes Dashed? Lula’s Brazil” by Jeffrey Cason

“Reform and Corruption in Latin America” by Kurt Weyland

Demokratizatsiya, Vol. 13, no. 4, Fall 2005
“Kyrgyzstan’s Tulip Revolution” (an interview with Roza Otunbayeva conducted by Eugene Huskey)

“Russian Policy toward Ukraine during Elections” by Taras Kuzio

“Georgia as a Laboratory for Democracy” by James V. Wertsch

“Moldova’s Orange Evolution” (an interview with Iurie Rosca conducted by Victoria Cusnir)

“How Ukrainians View Their Orange Revolution: Public Opinion and the National Peculiarities of Citizenry Political Activities” by Viktor Stepanenko

Europe-Asia Studies, Vol. 58, no. 1, January 2006
“Disproportionality by Proportional Design: Seats and Votes in Russia’s Regional Legislative Elections, December 2003–March 2005” by Grigorii V. Golosov

“Democracy and Pluralism in Muslim Eurasia” by Galina M. Yemelianova. Edited by Yaacov Ro’i

Foreign Affairs, Vol. 85, no. 2, March/April 2006
“The Backlash Against Democracy Promotion” by Thomas Carothers

“Can Hamas Be Tamed?” by Michael Herzog

Foreign Affairs, Vol. 85, no. 3, May/June 2006
“Latin America’s Left Turn” by Jorge G. Castañeda

“In Search of Hugo Chávez” by Michael Shifter

“The Long War Against Corruption” by Ben W. Heineman, Jr., and Fritz Heimann

Government and Opposition, Vol. 41, no. 1, January 2006
“This Is Our Way In: The Civil Society of Environmental NGOs in South-West China” by Caroline M. Cooper

Journal of Contemporary China, Vol. 15, no. 46, February 2006
“Regulating Death at Coalmines: Changing Mode of Governance in China” by Shaoguang Wang

“Assessing China’s E-Government: Information, Service, Transparency, and Citizen Outreach of Government Websites” by Xia Li Lollar

Journal of Modern African Studies, Vol. 44, no. 1, March 2006
Public Opinion, Democracy, and Market Reform in Africa by M. Bratton, R. Mattes, and E. Gyimah-Boadi. Reviewed by Devra C. Moehler

Governing Insecurity: Democratic Control of Military and Security Establishments in Transitional Democracies edited by Gavin Cawthra and Robin Luckham. Reviewed by Vicky Randall

Can Democracy Be Designed? The Politics of Institutional Choice in Conflict Torn-Societies edited by Sunil Bastian and Robin Luckham. Reviewed by Vicky Randall

The Politics of Transition in Africa edited by G. Mohan and T. Zack-Williams. Reviewed by Graham Harrison

Journal of Peace Research, Vol. 43, no. 1, January 2006
“War and Post-Communist Democratization: Dealing with Old Comrade Endogeneity” by Thomas Däubler

“Democracy for Peace, or Peace for Democracy? The Post-Communist Experience” by Shale Horowitz

Latin American Research Review, Vol. 43, no. 1, 2006
“Dependent Civil Society: The Círculos Bolivarianos in Venezuela” by Kirk A. Hawkins and David B. Hansen

“Council of Elders? The Senate and Its Members in the Southern Cone” by Mariana Ilanos and Francisco Sánchez

“After the Washington Consensus: The Limits to Democratization and Development in Latin America” by Peter Kingstone

“Governance and Reforms of the State: Signs of Progress?” by Robert H. Wilson

Middle East Journal, Vol., 60, no. 1 Winter 2006
“Towards a Representative Military? The Transformation of the Lebanese Officer Corps since 1945” by Oren Barak

“In the Shadow of Democracy” Review article by Steven Heydemann

“The Kurds in Turkey: EU Accession and Human Rights” by Kerim Yildiz. Reviewed by Michael M. Gunter

“Media Politics and Democracy in Palestine: Political Culture, Pluralism, and the Palestinian Authority” by Amal Jamal. Reviewed by Mary Cardaras

Middle East Policy, Vol. 13, no. 1, Spring 2006
“After Shaikh Zayed: The Politics of Succession in Abu Dhabi and the United Arab Emirates” by Christopher M. Davison

“Oman’s Progress Towards Participatory Government” by Charles O. Cecil

“The Kurdish Question and Turkey’s Justice and Development Party” by M. Hakan Yavuz and Nihat Ali Özcan

Squandered Victory: The American Occupation and the Bungled Effort to Bring Democracy to Iraq by Larry Diamond. Reviewed by Michael Rubner

Party Politics, Vol. 12, no. 1, January 2006
“Duvergerian Dynamics in the Indian States: Federalism and the Number of Parties in the State Assembly Elections” by Pradeep Chhibber and Geetha Murali

“Race, Class, and Underlying Trends in Party Support in South Africa” by Carlos García-Rivero

“The PRI’s Choice: Balancing Democratic Reform and its Own Salvation” by Adam Brinegar, Scott Morgenstern, and Daniel Nielson

“Party Strategies and Voter Behavior in the East European Mixed Election Systems” by Tatiana Kostadinova

Party Politics, Vol. 12, no. 2, March 2006
“Legislators’ Positions and Party System Competition in Central America: A Comparative Analysis” by Edurne Zoco

Political Science Quarterly, Vol. 121, no. 1, Spring 2006
“Escaping the Zero-Sum Scenario: Democracy Versus Technocracy in Latin America” by Mark Eric Williams

Policy Review, no. 135, February/March 2006
“The Roots of Democracy” by Carles Boix

“Getting India Right” by Parag Khanna and C. Raja Mohan

Washington Quarterly, Vol. 29, no. 2, Spring 2006
“Engaging Autocratic Allies to Promote Democracy” by David Adesnik and Michael McFaul

“The Transatlantic Divide over Democracy Promotion” by Jeffrey Kopstein


SELECTED NEW BOOKS ON DEMOCRACY

ADVANCED DEMOCRACIES
Audit in a Democracy: The Australian Model of Public Sector Audit and its Application to Emerging Markets. By Paul Nicoll. Ashgate, 2005. 233 pp.

A Common Law for Europe. By Gian Antonio Benacchio and Barbara Pasa. Central European University Press, 2006. 320 pp.

Democracy for All: Restoring Immigrant Voting Rights in the United States. By Ron Hayduk. Routledge, 2006. 250 pp.

Elections of 2000: Politics, Culture, and Economics in North America. Edited by Mary K. Kirtz, et al. University of Akron Press, 2006. 288 pp.

The Harmonization of Civil and Commercial Law in Europe. By Barbara Pasa and Gian Antonio Benacchio. Central European University Press, 2006. 567 pp.

Law and Order: Street Crime, Civil Disorder, and the Crisis of Liberalism. By Michael W. Flamm. Columbia University Press, 2005. 294 pp.

The Politics of Good Intentions. By David Runciman. Princeton University Press, 2006. 211 pp.

Terms of Trust: Arguments over Ethics in Australian Governments. By John Uhr. University of New South Wales Press, 2005. 237 pp.

Uniting America: Restoring the Vital Center to American Democracy. Edited by Norton Garfinkle and Daniel Yankelovich. Yale University Press, 2005. 287 pp.


AFRICA
African Parliaments: Between Governments and Governance. Edited by M.A. Mohamed Salih. Palgrave MacMillan, 2005. 286 pp.

Class, Race, and Inequality in South Africa. By Jeremy Seekings and Nicoli Nattrass. Yale University Press, 2005. 446 pp.

The Fate of Africa’s Democratic Experiments: Elites and Institutions. By Leonardo A. Villalon and Peter VonDoepp. Indiana University Press, 2005. 324 pp.

Limits to Liberation after Apartheid: Citizenship, Governance, and Culture. Edited by Steven L. Robins. Ohio University Press, 2005. 246 pp.

Muslim Civic Cultures and Conflict Resolution: The Challenge of Democratic Federalism in Nigeria. By John N. Paden. Brookings, 2005. 303 pp.


ASIA
Abiding by Sri Lanka: On Peace, Place, and Postcoloniality. By Qadri Ismail. University of Minnesota Press, 2005. 273 pp.

Bare Branches: The Security Implications of Asia’s Surplus Male Population. By Valerie M. Hudson and Andrea M. den Boer. MIT Press, 2005. 329 pp.

Facing Death in Cambodia. By Peter Maguire. Columbia University Press, 2005. 261 pp.

Hungry for Peace: International Security, Humanitarian Assistance, and Social Change in North Korea. By Hazel Smith. United States Institute of Peace Press, 2005. 339 pp.

Indonesia: The Great Transition. Edited by John Bresnan. Rowman & Littlefield, 2005. 318 pp.

Jihad, Hindutva, and the Taliban: South Asia at the Crossroads. By Iftikhar H. Malik. Oxford University Press, 2005. 298 pp.

Religious Organizations and Democratization: Case Studies from Contemporary Asia. Edited by Tun-Jen Cheng and Deborah A. Brown. M. E. Sharpe, 2005. 306 pp.

Remaking Beijing: Tiananmen Square and the Creation of a Political Space. By Wu Hung. University of Chicago Press, 2005. 272 pp.

Two Dreams in One Bed: Empire, Social Life, and the Origins of the North Korean Revolution in Manchuria. By Hyun Ok Park. Duke University Press, 2005. 314 pp.


EASTERN EUROPE AND THE FORMER SOVIET UNION
Chechnya: From Past to Future. Edited by Richard Sakwa. Anthem Press, 2005. 300 pp.

Elected Affinities: Democracy and Party Competition in Slovakia and the Czech Republic. By Kevin Deegan-Krause. Stanford University Press, 2006. 329 pp.

Flawed Succession: Russia’s Power Transfer Crises. Edited by Uri Ra’anan. Lexington, 2006. 175 pp.

Kosova Express. By James Pettifer. University of Wisconsin Press, 2005. 262 pp.

Lessons from Russia: Clinton and U.S. Democracy Promotion. By Lee Marsden. Ashgate, 2005. 218 pp.

Post-Soviet Civil Society: Democratization in Russia and the Baltic States. By Anders Uhline. Routledge, 2006. 205 pp.

Rethinking the Rule of Law After Communism. Edited by Adam Czarnota, Martin Krygier, and Wojciech Sadurski. Central European University Press, 2006. 383 pp.

Russian Civil Society: A Critical Assessment. Edited by Alfred B. Evans, Jr., Laura A. Henry, and Lisa McIntosh Sundstrom. M.E. Sharpe, 2005. 340 pp.

Russian Conservatism and Its Critics. By Richard Pipes. Yale University Press, 2005. 216 pp.

Towards Social Stability and Democratic Governance in Central Eurasia: Challenges to Regional Security. Edited by Irinia Morozova. IOS Press, 2005. 309 pp.

Ukraine’s Orange Revolution. By Andrew Wilson. Yale University Press, 2005. 232 pp.

The World Was Going Our Way: The KGB and the Battle for the Third World; Newly Revealed Secrets from the Mitrokhin Archive. By Christopher Andrew and Vasili Mitrokhin. Basic Books, 2005. 677 pp.


LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN
Cuban Palimpsests. By José Quiroga. University of Minnesota Press, 2005. 269 pp.

Political Movements and Violence in Central America. By Charles D. Brockett. Cambridge University Press, 380 pp.

The State on the Streets: Police and Politics in Argentina and Brazil. By Mercedes S. Hinton. Lynne Rienner, 2006. 235 pp.


MIDDLE EAST
Institutions and the Politics of Survival in Jordan: Domestic Responses to External Challenges, 1988–2001. By Russell E. Lucas. SUNY Press, 2005. 185 pp.

Islam and Liberty: The Historical Misunderstanding. By Mohamed Charfi. Zed Books, 186 pp.

The Kurds and the State: Evolving National Identity in Iraq, Turkey, and Iran. By Denise Natali. Syracuse University Press, 2005. 238 pp.

The Losing Battle With Islam. By David Selbourne. Prometheus, 2005. 541 pp.

Nationalist Voices in Jordan: The Street and the State. By Betty S. Anderson. University of Texas Press, 2005. 288 pp.

The Palestinian National Movement: Politics of Contention 1967–2005. By Amal Jamal. Indiana University Press, 2005. 229 pp.

Reaching for Power: The Shi’a in the Modern Arab World. By Yitzhak Nakash. Princeton University Press, 2006. 226 pp.

The Right War? The Conservative Debate on Iraq. Edited by Gary Rosen. Cambridge University Press, 2005. 254 pp.

The Shi’a of Lebanon: Clans, Parties and Clerics. By Rodger Shanahan. I.B. Tauris, 2005. 208 pp.

Uncivil War: Intellectuals and Identity Politics during the Decolonization of Algeria. By James D. Le Sueur. University of Nebraska Press, 2006. 429 pp.


COMPARATIVE, THEORETICAL, GENERAL
Beyond Gated Politics: Reflections for the Possibility of Democracy. By Romand Coles. University of Minnesota Press, 2005. 293 pp.

Changing the Guard: Developing Democratic Police Abroad. By David H. Bayley. Oxford University Press, 2006. 171 pp.

Citizenship and Ethnic Conflict: Challenging the Nation-State. Edited by Haldun Gulalp. Routledge, 2006. 156 pp.

Deliberative Environmental Politics: Democracy and Ecological Rationality. By Walter F. Baber and Robert V. Bartlett. MIT Press, 2005. 276 pp.

Democracy Under Construction: Patterns from Four Continents. Edited by Ursula J. van Beek. Barbara Budrich Publishers, 2005. 496 pp.

Electing to Fight: Why Emerging Democracies Go to War. By Edward D. Mansfield and Jack Snyder. MIT Press, 2005. 300 pp.

Ethnic Politics after Communism. Edited by Zoltan Barany and Robert G. Moser. Cornell University Press, 2005. 282 pp.

Genocide in Cambodia and Rwanda: New Perspectives. Edited by Susan E. Cook. Transaction, 2005. 299 pp.

Geography and Revolution. By David N. Livingstone and Charles W.J. Withers. University of Chicago Press, 2005. 433 pp.

Governing Water: Contentious Transnational Politics and Global Institution Building. By Ken Conca. MIT Press, 2005. 466 pp.

Minority Rights. By Jennifer Jackson Preece. Polity Press, 2005. 213 pp.

Nation-Building: Beyond Afghanistan and Iraq. Edited by Francis Fukuyama. The Johns Hopkins University Press, 2006. 262 pp.

Politics and Vision (Expanded Edition). By Sheldon S. Wolin. Princeton University Press, 2006. 761 pp.

Politics Is Local: National Politics at the Grassroots. By R. Kenneth Carty and Munroe Eagles. Oxford University Press, 2005. 192 pp.

Promoting Independent Media: Strategies for Democracy Assistance. By Krishna Kumar. Lynne Rienner, 2006. 189 pp.

Promoting the Rule of Law Abroad: In Search of Knowledge. Edited by Thomas Carothers. Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, 2006. 363 pp.

Routing the Opposition: Social Movements, Public Policy, and Democracy. Edited by David S. Meyer, et al. University of Minnesota Press, 2005. 319 pp.

Scope of Tolerance: Studies on the Costs of Free Expression and Freedom of the Press. By Rafi Cohen-Almagor. Routledge, 2005.

Sustainable Peace: Power and Democracy after Civil Wars. Edited by Philip G. Roeder and Donald Rothchild. Cornell University Press, 2005. 383 pp.

Who Intervenes? Ethnic Conflict and Interstate Crisis. By David Carment, Patrick James, and Zeynep Taydas. Ohio State University, 2006. 264 pp.